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Search, Evaluate, and Read Evidence","\u002Fen\u002Facademic-writing\u002F02-reading-and-literature-matrix","en\u002Facademic-writing\u002F02-reading-and-literature-matrix",{"title":27,"path":28,"stem":29},"3. From Sources to Synthesis and Argument","\u002Fen\u002Facademic-writing\u002F03-arguments-outlines-and-paragraphs","en\u002Facademic-writing\u002F03-arguments-outlines-and-paragraphs",{"title":31,"path":32,"stem":33},"4. Literature Review and a Defensible Gap","\u002Fen\u002Facademic-writing\u002F04-writing-the-literature-review","en\u002Facademic-writing\u002F04-writing-the-literature-review",{"title":35,"path":36,"stem":37},"5. Research Design, Evidence, and Core Sections","\u002Fen\u002Facademic-writing\u002F05-core-sections-and-evidence","en\u002Facademic-writing\u002F05-core-sections-and-evidence",{"title":39,"path":40,"stem":41},"6. Citation, Paraphrasing, Integrity, and AI","\u002Fen\u002Facademic-writing\u002F06-citation-paraphrasing-and-integrity","en\u002Facademic-writing\u002F06-citation-paraphrasing-and-integrity",{"title":43,"path":44,"stem":45},"7. Revision, Review, and Submission","\u002Fen\u002Facademic-writing\u002F07-revision-style-and-submission","en\u002Facademic-writing\u002F07-revision-style-and-submission",{"title":47,"path":48,"stem":49},"8. Research Workbook","\u002Fen\u002Facademic-writing\u002F08-literature-review-checklist-and-template","en\u002Facademic-writing\u002F08-literature-review-checklist-and-template",{"title":51,"path":52,"stem":53},"9. Research Workflow and Tools","\u002Fen\u002Facademic-writing\u002F09-tools-for-academic-writing-and-literature-management","en\u002Facademic-writing\u002F09-tools-for-academic-writing-and-literature-management",{"title":55,"path":56,"stem":57},"10. Worked Project — From Question to Defensible Conclusion","\u002Fen\u002Facademic-writing\u002F10-worked-example-from-block-structure-to-question-chain","en\u002Facademic-writing\u002F10-worked-example-from-block-structure-to-question-chain",{"title":59,"path":60,"stem":61,"children":62,"page":249},"Accounting","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting","en\u002Faccounting",[63,69,87,93,193],{"title":64,"path":65,"stem":66,"children":67},"Accounting — From Evidence to Decisions","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002F00-index","en\u002Faccounting\u002F00-index",[68],{"title":64,"path":65,"stem":66},{"title":70,"path":71,"stem":72,"children":73},"Accounting Appendix","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Fappendix","en\u002Faccounting\u002Fappendix\u002Findex",[74,75,79,83],{"title":70,"path":71,"stem":72},{"title":76,"path":77,"stem":78},"Worked Examples and Error Diagnosis","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Fappendix\u002F24-examples-pitfalls","en\u002Faccounting\u002Fappendix\u002F24-examples-pitfalls",{"title":80,"path":81,"stem":82},"Accounting Glossary","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Fappendix\u002F26-glossary","en\u002Faccounting\u002Fappendix\u002F26-glossary",{"title":84,"path":85,"stem":86},"Reading and Evidence Map","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Fappendix\u002F27-reading-map","en\u002Faccounting\u002Fappendix\u002F27-reading-map",{"title":88,"path":89,"stem":90,"children":91},"Northstar Record-to-Decision Capstone","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Fcapstone","en\u002Faccounting\u002Fcapstone\u002Findex",[92],{"title":88,"path":89,"stem":90},{"title":94,"path":95,"stem":96,"children":97},"Financial Accounting","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002Findex",[98,99,117,131,165,179],{"title":94,"path":95,"stem":96},{"title":100,"path":101,"stem":102,"children":103},"1. Foundations","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F01-foundations","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F01-foundations\u002Findex",[104,105,109,113],{"title":100,"path":101,"stem":102},{"title":106,"path":107,"stem":108},"Objectives and Qualitative Characteristics","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F01-foundations\u002F01-objectives-qualitative-characteristics","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F01-foundations\u002F01-objectives-qualitative-characteristics",{"title":110,"path":111,"stem":112},"Equation and Elements","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F01-foundations\u002F02-equation-elements","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F01-foundations\u002F02-equation-elements",{"title":114,"path":115,"stem":116},"Accrual Basis, Estimates and Periods","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F01-foundations\u002F03-accounting-bases-principles","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F01-foundations\u002F03-accounting-bases-principles",{"title":118,"path":119,"stem":120,"children":121},"2. Recording Transactions","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F02-recording-transactions","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F02-recording-transactions\u002Findex",[122,123,127],{"title":118,"path":119,"stem":120},{"title":124,"path":125,"stem":126},"Double-Entry and Debit\u002FCredit","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F02-recording-transactions\u002F04-double-entry-dr-cr","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F02-recording-transactions\u002F04-double-entry-dr-cr",{"title":128,"path":129,"stem":130},"Accounting Cycle","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F02-recording-transactions\u002F05-accounting-cycle","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F02-recording-transactions\u002F05-accounting-cycle",{"title":132,"path":133,"stem":134,"children":135},"3. Measurement and Adjustments","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F03-measurement-adjustments","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F03-measurement-adjustments\u002Findex",[136,137,141,145,149,153,157,161],{"title":132,"path":133,"stem":134},{"title":138,"path":139,"stem":140},"Revenue Recognition","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F03-measurement-adjustments\u002F07-revenue-recognition","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F03-measurement-adjustments\u002F07-revenue-recognition",{"title":142,"path":143,"stem":144},"Inventory","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F03-measurement-adjustments\u002F08-inventory","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F03-measurement-adjustments\u002F08-inventory",{"title":146,"path":147,"stem":148},"Receivables and Expected Credit Losses","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F03-measurement-adjustments\u002F09-receivables","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F03-measurement-adjustments\u002F09-receivables",{"title":150,"path":151,"stem":152},"Property, Plant and Equipment","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F03-measurement-adjustments\u002F10-ppe","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F03-measurement-adjustments\u002F10-ppe",{"title":154,"path":155,"stem":156},"Intangible Assets","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F03-measurement-adjustments\u002F11-intangibles","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F03-measurement-adjustments\u002F11-intangibles",{"title":158,"path":159,"stem":160},"Leases","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F03-measurement-adjustments\u002F12-leases","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F03-measurement-adjustments\u002F12-leases",{"title":162,"path":163,"stem":164},"Current and Deferred Income Tax","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F03-measurement-adjustments\u002F13-income-tax","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F03-measurement-adjustments\u002F13-income-tax",{"title":166,"path":167,"stem":168,"children":169},"4. Reporting and Cash","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F04-reporting-cash","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F04-reporting-cash\u002Findex",[170,171,175],{"title":166,"path":167,"stem":168},{"title":172,"path":173,"stem":174},"Linked Financial Statements","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F04-reporting-cash\u002F06-financial-statements","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F04-reporting-cash\u002F06-financial-statements",{"title":176,"path":177,"stem":178},"Cash, Reconciliation and Internal Control","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F04-reporting-cash\u002F14-cash-control","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F04-reporting-cash\u002F14-cash-control",{"title":180,"path":181,"stem":182,"children":183},"5. Analysis and Comparison","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F05-analysis-comparison","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F05-analysis-comparison\u002Findex",[184,185,189],{"title":180,"path":181,"stem":182},{"title":186,"path":187,"stem":188},"Ratio Analysis","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F05-analysis-comparison\u002F15-ratio-analysis","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F05-analysis-comparison\u002F15-ratio-analysis",{"title":190,"path":191,"stem":192},"IFRS versus US GAAP","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F05-analysis-comparison\u002F25-ifrs-gaap","en\u002Faccounting\u002Ffinancial-accounting\u002F05-analysis-comparison\u002F25-ifrs-gaap",{"title":194,"path":195,"stem":196,"children":197},"Management Accounting","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting","en\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002Findex",[198,199,217,235],{"title":194,"path":195,"stem":196},{"title":200,"path":201,"stem":202,"children":203},"1. Cost Foundations","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F01-cost-foundations","en\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F01-cost-foundations\u002Findex",[204,205,209,213],{"title":200,"path":201,"stem":202},{"title":206,"path":207,"stem":208},"Cost Concepts and Behaviour","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F01-cost-foundations\u002F16-cost-concepts","en\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F01-cost-foundations\u002F16-cost-concepts",{"title":210,"path":211,"stem":212},"Costing Systems","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F01-cost-foundations\u002F17-costing-systems","en\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F01-cost-foundations\u002F17-costing-systems",{"title":214,"path":215,"stem":216},"Variable and Absorption Costing","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F01-cost-foundations\u002F19-variable-vs-absorption","en\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F01-cost-foundations\u002F19-variable-vs-absorption",{"title":218,"path":219,"stem":220,"children":221},"2. Planning and Control","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F02-planning-control","en\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F02-planning-control\u002Findex",[222,223,227,231],{"title":218,"path":219,"stem":220},{"title":224,"path":225,"stem":226},"Cost–Volume–Profit Analysis","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F02-planning-control\u002F18-cvp-analysis","en\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F02-planning-control\u002F18-cvp-analysis",{"title":228,"path":229,"stem":230},"Budgeting and Variance Analysis","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F02-planning-control\u002F20-budgeting-variances","en\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F02-planning-control\u002F20-budgeting-variances",{"title":232,"path":233,"stem":234},"Performance Measurement","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F02-planning-control\u002F21-performance-measurement","en\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F02-planning-control\u002F21-performance-measurement",{"title":236,"path":237,"stem":238,"children":239},"3. Decisions and Investment","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F03-decisions-investment","en\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F03-decisions-investment\u002Findex",[240,241,245],{"title":236,"path":237,"stem":238},{"title":242,"path":243,"stem":244},"Short-Term Decisions","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F03-decisions-investment\u002F22-short-term-decisions","en\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F03-decisions-investment\u002F22-short-term-decisions",{"title":246,"path":247,"stem":248},"Capital Budgeting","\u002Fen\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F03-decisions-investment\u002F23-capital-budgeting","en\u002Faccounting\u002Fmanagement-accounting\u002F03-decisions-investment\u002F23-capital-budgeting",false,{"title":251,"path":252,"stem":253,"children":254,"page":249},"Business Analytics","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics",[255,261,279,305,335,365,383,400],{"title":256,"path":257,"stem":258,"children":259},"Business Analytics — From Data to Defensible Action","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F00-index","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F00-index",[260],{"title":256,"path":257,"stem":258},{"title":262,"path":263,"stem":264,"children":265},"0. Decision and Data Foundations","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F00-intro","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F00-intro\u002Findex",[266,267,271,275],{"title":262,"path":263,"stem":264},{"title":268,"path":269,"stem":270},"Decision Framing","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F00-intro\u002F01-decision-framing","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F00-intro\u002F01-decision-framing",{"title":272,"path":273,"stem":274},"Data Contracts","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F00-intro\u002F02-data-contracts","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F00-intro\u002F02-data-contracts",{"title":276,"path":277,"stem":278},"Reproducible Analytics Workflow","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F00-intro\u002F03-reproducible-workflow","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F00-intro\u002F03-reproducible-workflow",{"title":280,"path":281,"stem":282,"children":283},"1. Descriptive Analytics","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F01-descriptive","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F01-descriptive\u002Findex",[284,285,289,293,297,301],{"title":280,"path":281,"stem":282},{"title":286,"path":287,"stem":288},"Distributions and Exploratory Data Analysis","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F01-descriptive\u002F04-distributions-eda","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F01-descriptive\u002F04-distributions-eda",{"title":290,"path":291,"stem":292},"KPIs and Denominators","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F01-descriptive\u002F05-kpis-denominators","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F01-descriptive\u002F05-kpis-denominators",{"title":294,"path":295,"stem":296},"Segments, Cohorts and Funnels","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F01-descriptive\u002F06-segmentation-cohorts-funnels","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F01-descriptive\u002F06-segmentation-cohorts-funnels",{"title":298,"path":299,"stem":300},"Visual Evidence and Data Stories","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F01-descriptive\u002F07-visualisation-story","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F01-descriptive\u002F07-visualisation-story",{"title":302,"path":303,"stem":304},"Experiments and Causal Boundaries","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F01-descriptive\u002F08-experiments-causal-boundary","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F01-descriptive\u002F08-experiments-causal-boundary",{"title":306,"path":307,"stem":308,"children":309},"2. Predictive Analytics","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F02-predictive","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F02-predictive\u002Findex",[310,311,315,319,323,327,331],{"title":306,"path":307,"stem":308},{"title":312,"path":313,"stem":314},"Validation, Baselines and Leakage","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F02-predictive\u002F09-validation-leakage","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F02-predictive\u002F09-validation-leakage",{"title":316,"path":317,"stem":318},"Regression and Forecasting","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F02-predictive\u002F10-regression-forecasting","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F02-predictive\u002F10-regression-forecasting",{"title":320,"path":321,"stem":322},"Classification and Calibration","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F02-predictive\u002F11-classification-calibration","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F02-predictive\u002F11-classification-calibration",{"title":324,"path":325,"stem":326},"Trees and Ensembles","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F02-predictive\u002F12-trees-ensembles","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F02-predictive\u002F12-trees-ensembles",{"title":328,"path":329,"stem":330},"Decision Metrics and Thresholds","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F02-predictive\u002F13-decision-metrics-thresholds","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F02-predictive\u002F13-decision-metrics-thresholds",{"title":332,"path":333,"stem":334},"Explainability, Monitoring and Drift","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F02-predictive\u002F14-explainability-drift","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F02-predictive\u002F14-explainability-drift",{"title":336,"path":337,"stem":338,"children":339},"3. Prescriptive Analytics","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F03-prescriptive","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F03-prescriptive\u002Findex",[340,341,345,349,353,357,361],{"title":336,"path":337,"stem":338},{"title":342,"path":343,"stem":344},"Decision-Making under Uncertainty","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F03-prescriptive\u002F15-decision-uncertainty","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F03-prescriptive\u002F15-decision-uncertainty",{"title":346,"path":347,"stem":348},"Linear Optimisation","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F03-prescriptive\u002F16-linear-optimization","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F03-prescriptive\u002F16-linear-optimization",{"title":350,"path":351,"stem":352},"Inventory and Allocation","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F03-prescriptive\u002F17-inventory-allocation","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F03-prescriptive\u002F17-inventory-allocation",{"title":354,"path":355,"stem":356},"Queueing and Simulation","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F03-prescriptive\u002F18-queueing-simulation","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F03-prescriptive\u002F18-queueing-simulation",{"title":358,"path":359,"stem":360},"Pricing and Revenue Management","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F03-prescriptive\u002F19-pricing-experimentation","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F03-prescriptive\u002F19-pricing-experimentation",{"title":362,"path":363,"stem":364},"Causal Targeting and Policy Learning","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F03-prescriptive\u002F20-causal-targeting","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F03-prescriptive\u002F20-causal-targeting",{"title":366,"path":367,"stem":368,"children":369},"4. Deployment and Governance","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F04-deployment","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F04-deployment\u002Findex",[370,371,375,379],{"title":366,"path":367,"stem":368},{"title":372,"path":373,"stem":374},"Data Products and Monitoring","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F04-deployment\u002F21-data-products-monitoring","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F04-deployment\u002F21-data-products-monitoring",{"title":376,"path":377,"stem":378},"Governance, Fairness and Privacy","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F04-deployment\u002F22-governance-fairness-privacy","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F04-deployment\u002F22-governance-fairness-privacy",{"title":380,"path":381,"stem":382},"Adoption and Business Value","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F04-deployment\u002F23-adoption-value","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002F04-deployment\u002F23-adoption-value",{"title":384,"path":385,"stem":386,"children":387},"Appendix and Revision Tools","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002Fappendix","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002Fappendix\u002Findex",[388,389,393,397],{"title":384,"path":385,"stem":386},{"title":390,"path":391,"stem":392},"Formula and Decision Map","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002Fappendix\u002F24-formula-map","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002Fappendix\u002F24-formula-map",{"title":394,"path":395,"stem":396},"Worked Examples and Pitfalls","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002Fappendix\u002F25-worked-examples-pitfalls","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002Fappendix\u002F25-worked-examples-pitfalls",{"title":84,"path":398,"stem":399},"\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002Fappendix\u002F26-reading-map","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002Fappendix\u002F26-reading-map",{"title":401,"path":402,"stem":403,"children":404},"Capstone — The Evening Delivery Promise","\u002Fen\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002Fcapstone","en\u002Fbusiness-analytics\u002Fcapstone\u002Findex",[405],{"title":401,"path":402,"stem":403},{"title":407,"path":408,"stem":409,"children":410,"page":249},"Financial Economic Time Series","\u002Fen\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series","en\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series",[411,417,423,429,435,441,447,453,459,465,471],{"title":412,"path":413,"stem":414,"children":415},"Financial and Economic Time Series — Course Guide","\u002Fen\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F00-intro","en\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F00-intro\u002Findex",[416],{"title":412,"path":413,"stem":414},{"title":418,"path":419,"stem":420,"children":421},"Three Versions of Time Series","\u002Fen\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F01-bridge","en\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F01-bridge\u002Findex",[422],{"title":418,"path":419,"stem":420},{"title":424,"path":425,"stem":426,"children":427},"Data, Clocks, and Transformations","\u002Fen\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F02-data-transformations","en\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F02-data-transformations\u002Findex",[428],{"title":424,"path":425,"stem":426},{"title":430,"path":431,"stem":432,"children":433},"Predictive Regressions and Persistent Predictors","\u002Fen\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F03-predictive-regressions","en\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F03-predictive-regressions\u002Findex",[434],{"title":430,"path":431,"stem":432},{"title":436,"path":437,"stem":438,"children":439},"Volatility, Tails, and Financial Risk","\u002Fen\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F04-volatility-risk","en\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F04-volatility-risk\u002Findex",[440],{"title":436,"path":437,"stem":438},{"title":442,"path":443,"stem":444,"children":445},"Unit Roots, Cointegration, and Error Correction","\u002Fen\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F05-unit-roots-cointegration","en\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F05-unit-roots-cointegration\u002Findex",[446],{"title":442,"path":443,"stem":444},{"title":448,"path":449,"stem":450,"children":451},"VAR, Structural Identification, and Local Projections","\u002Fen\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F06-var-identification","en\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F06-var-identification\u002Findex",[452],{"title":448,"path":449,"stem":450},{"title":454,"path":455,"stem":456,"children":457},"State Space, Mixed Frequency, and Nowcasting","\u002Fen\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F07-state-space-nowcasting","en\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F07-state-space-nowcasting\u002Findex",[458],{"title":454,"path":455,"stem":456},{"title":460,"path":461,"stem":462,"children":463},"Forecast Evaluation for Decisions","\u002Fen\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F08-forecast-evaluation","en\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F08-forecast-evaluation\u002Findex",[464],{"title":460,"path":461,"stem":462},{"title":466,"path":467,"stem":468,"children":469},"Integrated R Laboratory","\u002Fen\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F09-r-laboratory","en\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F09-r-laboratory\u002Findex",[470],{"title":466,"path":467,"stem":468},{"title":472,"path":473,"stem":474,"children":475},"Capstones, Data, and Reading Ladder","\u002Fen\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F10-capstone-readings","en\u002Ffinancial-economic-time-series\u002F10-capstone-readings\u002Findex",[476],{"title":472,"path":473,"stem":474},{"title":478,"path":479,"stem":480,"children":481,"page":249},"Intro To Economics","\u002Fen\u002Fintro-to-economics","en\u002Fintro-to-economics",[482,486,490,494,498,502,506,510,514,518,522,526,530],{"title":483,"path":484,"stem":485},"Introduction to Economics — Decisions, Markets, and the Macroeconomy","\u002Fen\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F00-intro","en\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F00-intro",{"title":487,"path":488,"stem":489},"Chapter 1 — Choice, Opportunity Cost, and Trade","\u002Fen\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F01-foundations","en\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F01-foundations",{"title":491,"path":492,"stem":493},"Chapter 2 — Demand, Supply, Equilibrium, and Welfare","\u002Fen\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F02-demand-and-supply","en\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F02-demand-and-supply",{"title":495,"path":496,"stem":497},"Chapter 3 — Elasticity, Revenue, and Tax Incidence","\u002Fen\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F03-elasticity","en\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F03-elasticity",{"title":499,"path":500,"stem":501},"Chapter 4 — Firms, Market Power, and Market Failure","\u002Fen\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F04-market-structures","en\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F04-market-structures",{"title":503,"path":504,"stem":505},"Chapter 5 — GDP, Income, Wealth, and Welfare","\u002Fen\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F05-gdp-and-wealth","en\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F05-gdp-and-wealth",{"title":507,"path":508,"stem":509},"Chapter 6 — Inflation, Purchasing Power, and Labour Markets","\u002Fen\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F06-inflation-and-unemployment","en\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F06-inflation-and-unemployment",{"title":511,"path":512,"stem":513},"Chapter 7 — Productivity, Technology, and Economic Growth","\u002Fen\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F07-economic-growth","en\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F07-economic-growth",{"title":515,"path":516,"stem":517},"Chapter 8 — Money, Credit, and Banking","\u002Fen\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F08-money-and-banking","en\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F08-money-and-banking",{"title":519,"path":520,"stem":521},"Chapter 9 — Business Cycles, AD–AS, and Monetary Policy","\u002Fen\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F09-monetary-policy-and-ad-as","en\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F09-monetary-policy-and-ad-as",{"title":523,"path":524,"stem":525},"Chapter 10 — Fiscal Policy, Distribution, and Public Debt","\u002Fen\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F10-fiscal-policy","en\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F10-fiscal-policy",{"title":527,"path":528,"stem":529},"Chapter 11 — Trade, Capital Flows, and Exchange Rates","\u002Fen\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F11-open-economy-and-exchange-rates","en\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F11-open-economy-and-exchange-rates",{"title":531,"path":532,"stem":533},"Chapter 12 — Integrated Economic Analysis Studio","\u002Fen\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F12-review-and-case-studies","en\u002Fintro-to-economics\u002F12-review-and-case-studies",{"title":535,"path":536,"stem":537,"children":538,"page":249},"Microeconometrics","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics",[539,557,563,581,603,629,651,673,691,709],{"title":540,"path":541,"stem":542,"children":543},"0. Causal Questions and Designs","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F00-foundations","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F00-foundations\u002Findex",[544,545,549,553],{"title":540,"path":541,"stem":542},{"title":546,"path":547,"stem":548},"Causal Questions and Estimands","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F00-foundations\u002F01-causal-question-estimands","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F00-foundations\u002F01-causal-question-estimands",{"title":550,"path":551,"stem":552},"Potential Outcomes and Experiments","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F00-foundations\u002F02-potential-outcomes-experiments","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F00-foundations\u002F02-potential-outcomes-experiments",{"title":554,"path":555,"stem":556},"Causal Diagrams and Controls","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F00-foundations\u002F03-dags-controls","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F00-foundations\u002F03-dags-controls",{"title":558,"path":559,"stem":560,"children":561},"Microeconometrics — Designing Credible Counterfactuals","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F00-index","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F00-index",[562],{"title":558,"path":559,"stem":560},{"title":564,"path":565,"stem":566,"children":567},"1. Regression and Inference","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F01-regression","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F01-regression\u002Findex",[568,569,573,577],{"title":564,"path":565,"stem":566},{"title":570,"path":571,"stem":572},"OLS as a Projection","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F01-regression\u002F04-ols-projection","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F01-regression\u002F04-ols-projection",{"title":574,"path":575,"stem":576},"FWL, Selection and Controls","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F01-regression\u002F05-fwl-selection-controls","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F01-regression\u002F05-fwl-selection-controls",{"title":578,"path":579,"stem":580},"Inference and Clustering","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F01-regression\u002F06-inference-clustering","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F01-regression\u002F06-inference-clustering",{"title":582,"path":583,"stem":584,"children":585},"2. Instruments and Panel Data","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F02-iv-panel","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F02-iv-panel\u002Findex",[586,587,591,595,599],{"title":582,"path":583,"stem":584},{"title":588,"path":589,"stem":590},"Instrumental Variables","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F02-iv-panel\u002F07-iv-identification","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F02-iv-panel\u002F07-iv-identification",{"title":592,"path":593,"stem":594},"Weak Instruments and LATE","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F02-iv-panel\u002F08-weak-iv-late","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F02-iv-panel\u002F08-weak-iv-late",{"title":596,"path":597,"stem":598},"Panel Fixed Effects","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F02-iv-panel\u002F09-panel-fixed-effects","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F02-iv-panel\u002F09-panel-fixed-effects",{"title":600,"path":601,"stem":602},"Dynamic Panels and Limits","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F02-iv-panel\u002F10-dynamic-panel","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F02-iv-panel\u002F10-dynamic-panel",{"title":604,"path":605,"stem":606,"children":607},"3. Policy Evaluation Designs","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F03-policy-designs","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F03-policy-designs\u002Findex",[608,609,613,617,621,625],{"title":604,"path":605,"stem":606},{"title":610,"path":611,"stem":612},"Difference-in-Differences","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F03-policy-designs\u002F11-did-core","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F03-policy-designs\u002F11-did-core",{"title":614,"path":615,"stem":616},"Staggered DID and Event Studies","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F03-policy-designs\u002F12-staggered-event-studies","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F03-policy-designs\u002F12-staggered-event-studies",{"title":618,"path":619,"stem":620},"Regression Discontinuity","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F03-policy-designs\u002F13-rdd","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F03-policy-designs\u002F13-rdd",{"title":622,"path":623,"stem":624},"Matching, Weighting and Overlap","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F03-policy-designs\u002F14-matching-weighting","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F03-policy-designs\u002F14-matching-weighting",{"title":626,"path":627,"stem":628},"Synthetic Control","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F03-policy-designs\u002F15-synthetic-control","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F03-policy-designs\u002F15-synthetic-control",{"title":630,"path":631,"stem":632,"children":633},"Module 4 — Choice and Limited Outcomes","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F04-outcomes-choice","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F04-outcomes-choice\u002Findex",[634,635,639,643,647],{"title":630,"path":631,"stem":632},{"title":636,"path":637,"stem":638},"Binary Choice","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F04-outcomes-choice\u002F16-binary-choice","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F04-outcomes-choice\u002F16-binary-choice",{"title":640,"path":641,"stem":642},"Multinomial and Ordered Choice","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F04-outcomes-choice\u002F17-multinomial-choice","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F04-outcomes-choice\u002F17-multinomial-choice",{"title":644,"path":645,"stem":646},"Count Outcomes","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F04-outcomes-choice\u002F18-count-outcomes","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F04-outcomes-choice\u002F18-count-outcomes",{"title":648,"path":649,"stem":650},"Censoring, Truncation and Selection","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F04-outcomes-choice\u002F19-censoring-selection","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F04-outcomes-choice\u002F19-censoring-selection",{"title":652,"path":653,"stem":654,"children":655},"Module 5 — Modern Causal Analysis","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F05-modern-causal","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F05-modern-causal\u002Findex",[656,657,661,665,669],{"title":652,"path":653,"stem":654},{"title":658,"path":659,"stem":660},"Double Machine Learning","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F05-modern-causal\u002F20-dml","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F05-modern-causal\u002F20-dml",{"title":662,"path":663,"stem":664},"Heterogeneity and Policy Learning","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F05-modern-causal\u002F21-heterogeneity-policy","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F05-modern-causal\u002F21-heterogeneity-policy",{"title":666,"path":667,"stem":668},"Sensitivity and Partial Identification","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F05-modern-causal\u002F22-sensitivity-partial-id","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F05-modern-causal\u002F22-sensitivity-partial-id",{"title":670,"path":671,"stem":672},"External Validity and Transport","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F05-modern-causal\u002F23-external-validity","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F05-modern-causal\u002F23-external-validity",{"title":674,"path":675,"stem":676,"children":677},"Module 6 — From Data to Auditable Evidence","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F06-workflow","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F06-workflow\u002Findex",[678,679,683,687],{"title":674,"path":675,"stem":676},{"title":680,"path":681,"stem":682},"Data Provenance","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F06-workflow\u002F24-data-provenance","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F06-workflow\u002F24-data-provenance",{"title":684,"path":685,"stem":686},"Reproducibility and Reporting","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F06-workflow\u002F25-reproducibility-reporting","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F06-workflow\u002F25-reproducibility-reporting",{"title":688,"path":689,"stem":690},"Paper and Evidence Audit","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F06-workflow\u002F26-paper-audit","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002F06-workflow\u002F26-paper-audit",{"title":692,"path":693,"stem":694,"children":695},"Appendix — Revision and Evidence Map","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002Fappendix","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002Fappendix\u002Findex",[696,697,701,705],{"title":692,"path":693,"stem":694},{"title":698,"path":699,"stem":700},"Formula and Design Map","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002Fappendix\u002F27-formula-design-map","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002Fappendix\u002F27-formula-design-map",{"title":702,"path":703,"stem":704},"Ten Worked Microeconometric Pitfalls","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002Fappendix\u002F28-worked-pitfalls","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002Fappendix\u002F28-worked-pitfalls",{"title":706,"path":707,"stem":708},"Reading and Software Map","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002Fappendix\u002F29-reading-software-map","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002Fappendix\u002F29-reading-software-map",{"title":710,"path":711,"stem":712,"children":713},"Capstone — Should Northbridge Expand Pathways?","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002Fcapstone","en\u002Fmicroeconometrics\u002Fcapstone\u002Findex",[714],{"title":710,"path":711,"stem":712},{"title":716,"path":717,"stem":718,"children":719,"page":249},"Microeconomics","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconomics","en\u002Fmicroeconomics",[720,726,732,738,744,750,756,762,768,774,780,786,792],{"title":721,"path":722,"stem":723,"children":724},"Advanced Microeconomics — Course Guide","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F00-intro","en\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F00-intro\u002Findex",[725],{"title":721,"path":722,"stem":723},{"title":727,"path":728,"stem":729,"children":730},"Module 1 — Choice, Duality, and Revealed Preference","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F01-fundations","en\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F01-fundations\u002Findex",[731],{"title":727,"path":728,"stem":729},{"title":733,"path":734,"stem":735,"children":736},"Module 2 — Comparative Statics and Welfare Measurement","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F02-comparative-statics","en\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F02-comparative-statics\u002Findex",[737],{"title":733,"path":734,"stem":735},{"title":739,"path":740,"stem":741,"children":742},"Module 3 — Choice under Risk and Insurance","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F03-uncertainty","en\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F03-uncertainty\u002Findex",[743],{"title":739,"path":740,"stem":741},{"title":745,"path":746,"stem":747,"children":748},"Module 4 — General Equilibrium and Welfare","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F04-general-equilibrium","en\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F04-general-equilibrium\u002Findex",[749],{"title":745,"path":746,"stem":747},{"title":751,"path":752,"stem":753,"children":754},"Module 5 — Static, Dynamic, and Repeated Games","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F05-game-theory","en\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F05-game-theory\u002Findex",[755],{"title":751,"path":752,"stem":753},{"title":757,"path":758,"stem":759,"children":760},"Module 6 — Oligopoly, Entry, and Algorithmic Pricing","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F06-oligopoly","en\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F06-oligopoly\u002Findex",[761],{"title":757,"path":758,"stem":759},{"title":763,"path":764,"stem":765,"children":766},"Module 7 — Information Economics and Contracts","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F07-information-economics","en\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F07-information-economics\u002Findex",[767],{"title":763,"path":764,"stem":765},{"title":769,"path":770,"stem":771,"children":772},"Module 8 — Mechanism Design and Auctions","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F08-mechanism-design","en\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F08-mechanism-design\u002Findex",[773],{"title":769,"path":770,"stem":771},{"title":775,"path":776,"stem":777,"children":778},"Module 9 — Behavioural and Experimental Microeconomics","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F09-behavioural-economics","en\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F09-behavioural-economics\u002Findex",[779],{"title":775,"path":776,"stem":777},{"title":781,"path":782,"stem":783,"children":784},"Module 10 — Externalities, Public Goods, and Collective Action","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F10-externalities-public-goods","en\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F10-externalities-public-goods\u002Findex",[785],{"title":781,"path":782,"stem":783},{"title":787,"path":788,"stem":789,"children":790},"Module 11 — Matching and Market Design","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F11-market-design","en\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F11-market-design\u002Findex",[791],{"title":787,"path":788,"stem":789},{"title":793,"path":794,"stem":795,"children":796},"Module 12 — Integrated Microeconomic Design Studio","\u002Fen\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F12-review","en\u002Fmicroeconomics\u002F12-review\u002Findex",[797],{"title":793,"path":794,"stem":795},{"title":799,"path":800,"stem":801,"children":802},"Playground","\u002Fen\u002Fplayground","en\u002Fplayground\u002Findex",[803,804,808,812,816,820],{"title":799,"path":800,"stem":801},{"title":805,"path":806,"stem":807},"Typst Plugin Playground","\u002Fen\u002Fplayground\u002F01-typstex","en\u002Fplayground\u002F01-typstex",{"title":809,"path":810,"stem":811},"Citation Plugin Test","\u002Fen\u002Fplayground\u002F02-citation","en\u002Fplayground\u002F02-citation",{"title":813,"path":814,"stem":815},"Pyodide Playground","\u002Fen\u002Fplayground\u002F03-pyodide","en\u002Fplayground\u002F03-pyodide",{"title":817,"path":818,"stem":819},"WebR Playground","\u002Fen\u002Fplayground\u002F04-webr","en\u002Fplayground\u002F04-webr",{"title":821,"path":822,"stem":823},"Chart.js 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文献综述的构建与写作","\u002Fzh\u002Facademic-writing\u002F04-writing-the-literature-review","zh\u002Facademic-writing\u002F04-writing-the-literature-review",{"title":1056,"path":1057,"stem":1058},"8. 文献综述清单与模板","\u002Fzh\u002Facademic-writing\u002F08-literature-review-checklist-and-template","zh\u002Facademic-writing\u002F08-literature-review-checklist-and-template",{"title":1060,"path":1061,"stem":1062},"10. 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100 件产品状态",[1865,2110,2111],{},"是",[1847,2113,2114,2190,2223],{},[1865,2115,2116,2117],{},"随机变量 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",[1880,2515,2517,2530],{"className":2516},[1883],[1880,2518,2520],{"className":2519},[1887],[1889,2521,2522],{"xmlns":1891},[1893,2523,2524,2528],{},[1896,2525,2526],{},[1899,2527,1796],{},[1902,2529,1796],{"encoding":1904},[1880,2531,2533],{"className":2532,"ariaHidden":1909},[1908],[1880,2534,2536,2539],{"className":2535},[1913],[1880,2537],{"className":2538,"style":1918},[1917],[1880,2540,1796],{"className":2541},[1922,1923],"，则",[1880,2544,2547],{"className":2545},[2546],"katex-display",[1880,2548,2550,2671],{"className":2549},[1883],[1880,2551,2553],{"className":2552},[1887],[1889,2554,2556],{"xmlns":1891,"display":2555},"block",[1893,2557,2558,2668],{},[1896,2559,2560,2566,2569,2572,2575,2578,2580,2583,2586,2589,2591,2593,2597,2599,2602,2604,2607,2610,2612,2628,2634,2636,2638,2640,2642,2644,2647,2649,2652,2654,2656,2658,2660,2662,2664],{},[1948,2561,2562,2564],{},[1899,2563,1952],{},[1899,2565,2135],{},[1958,2567,2568],{},"∼",[1899,2570,2571],{},"B",[1899,2573,2574],{},"e",[1899,2576,2577],{},"r",[1899,2579,1972],{},[1899,2581,2582],{},"o",[1899,2584,2585],{},"u",[1899,2587,2588],{},"l",[1899,2590,2588],{},[1899,2592,2135],{},[1958,2594,2596],{"stretchy":2595},"false","(",[1899,2598,1796],{},[1958,2600,2601],{"stretchy":2595},")",[1958,2603,1960],{"separator":1909},[2050,2605],{"width":2606},"2em",[1899,2608,2609],{},"K",[1958,2611,2252],{},[2613,2614,2615,2618,2626],"munderover",{},[1958,2616,2617],{},"∑",[1896,2619,2620,2622,2624],{},[1899,2621,2135],{},[1958,2623,2252],{},[1954,2625,1956],{},[1899,2627,1972],{},[1948,2629,2630,2632],{},[1899,2631,1952],{},[1899,2633,2135],{},[1958,2635,2568],{},[1899,2637,2571],{},[1899,2639,2135],{},[1899,2641,1972],{},[1899,2643,2582],{},[1899,2645,2646],{},"m",[1899,2648,2135],{},[1899,2650,2651],{},"a",[1899,2653,2588],{},[1958,2655,2596],{"stretchy":2595},[1899,2657,1972],{},[1958,2659,1960],{"separator":1909},[1899,2661,1796],{},[1958,2663,2601],{"stretchy":2595},[1899,2665,2667],{"mathvariant":2666},"normal",".",[1902,2669,2670],{"encoding":1904},"X_i\\sim Bernoulli(p),\\qquad\nK=\\sum_{i=1}^nX_i\\sim Binomial(n,p).",[1880,2672,2674,2729,2798,2931],{"className":2673,"ariaHidden":1909},[1908],[1880,2675,2677,2680,2720,2723,2726],{"className":2676},[1913],[1880,2678],{"className":2679,"style":2148},[1917],[1880,2681,2683,2686],{"className":2682},[1922],[1880,2684,1952],{"className":2685,"style":1992},[1922,1923],[1880,2687,2689],{"className":2688},[1996],[1880,2690,2692,2712],{"className":2691},[2000,2001],[1880,2693,2695,2709],{"className":2694},[2005],[1880,2696,2698],{"className":2697,"style":2167},[2009],[1880,2699,2700,2703],{"style":2013},[1880,2701],{"className":2702,"style":2018},[2017],[1880,2704,2706],{"className":2705},[2022,2023,2024,2025],[1880,2707,2135],{"className":2708},[1922,1923,2025],[1880,2710,2033],{"className":2711},[2032],[1880,2713,2715],{"className":2714},[2005],[1880,2716,2718],{"className":2717,"style":2040},[2009],[1880,2719],{},[1880,2721],{"className":2722,"style":2335},[2050],[1880,2724,2568],{"className":2725},[2339],[1880,2727],{"className":2728,"style":2335},[2050],[1880,2730,2732,2736,2740,2745,2748,2751,2754,2758,2761,2764,2768,2771,2775,2778,2782,2785,2789,2792,2795],{"className":2731},[1913],[1880,2733],{"className":2734,"style":2735},[1917],"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;",[1880,2737,2571],{"className":2738,"style":2739},[1922,1923],"margin-right:0.0502em;",[1880,2741,2744],{"className":2742,"style":2743},[1922,1923],"margin-right:0.0278em;","er",[1880,2746,1972],{"className":2747},[1922,1923],[1880,2749,2582],{"className":2750},[1922,1923],[1880,2752,2585],{"className":2753},[1922,1923],[1880,2755,2588],{"className":2756,"style":2757},[1922,1923],"margin-right:0.0197em;",[1880,2759,2588],{"className":2760,"style":2757},[1922,1923],[1880,2762,2135],{"className":2763},[1922,1923],[1880,2765,2596],{"className":2766},[2767],"mopen",[1880,2769,1796],{"className":2770},[1922,1923],[1880,2772,2601],{"className":2773},[2774],"mclose",[1880,2776,1960],{"className":2777},[2046],[1880,2779],{"className":2780,"style":2781},[2050],"margin-right:2em;",[1880,2783],{"className":2784,"style":2051},[2050],[1880,2786,2609],{"className":2787,"style":2788},[1922,1923],"margin-right:0.0715em;",[1880,2790],{"className":2791,"style":2335},[2050],[1880,2793,2252],{"className":2794},[2339],[1880,2796],{"className":2797,"style":2335},[2050],[1880,2799,2801,2805,2879,2882,2922,2925,2928],{"className":2800},[1913],[1880,2802],{"className":2803,"style":2804},[1917],"height:2.9291em;vertical-align:-1.2777em;",[1880,2806,2810],{"className":2807},[2808,2809],"mop","op-limits",[1880,2811,2813,2870],{"className":2812},[2000,2001],[1880,2814,2816,2867],{"className":2815},[2005],[1880,2817,2820,2842,2855],{"className":2818,"style":2819},[2009],"height:1.6514em;",[1880,2821,2823,2827],{"style":2822},"top:-1.8723em;margin-left:0em;",[1880,2824],{"className":2825,"style":2826},[2017],"height:3.05em;",[1880,2828,2830],{"className":2829},[2022,2023,2024,2025],[1880,2831,2833,2836,2839],{"className":2832},[1922,2025],[1880,2834,2135],{"className":2835},[1922,1923,2025],[1880,2837,2252],{"className":2838},[2339,2025],[1880,2840,1956],{"className":2841},[1922,2025],[1880,2843,2845,2848],{"style":2844},"top:-3.05em;",[1880,2846],{"className":2847,"style":2826},[2017],[1880,2849,2850],{},[1880,2851,2617],{"className":2852},[2808,2853,2854],"op-symbol","large-op",[1880,2856,2858,2861],{"style":2857},"top:-4.3em;margin-left:0em;",[1880,2859],{"className":2860,"style":2826},[2017],[1880,2862,2864],{"className":2863},[2022,2023,2024,2025],[1880,2865,1972],{"className":2866},[1922,1923,2025],[1880,2868,2033],{"className":2869},[2032],[1880,2871,2873],{"className":2872},[2005],[1880,2874,2877],{"className":2875,"style":2876},[2009],"height:1.2777em;",[1880,2878],{},[1880,2880],{"className":2881,"style":2051},[2050],[1880,2883,2885,2888],{"className":2884},[1922],[1880,2886,1952],{"className":2887,"style":1992},[1922,1923],[1880,2889,2891],{"className":2890},[1996],[1880,2892,2894,2914],{"className":2893},[2000,2001],[1880,2895,2897,2911],{"className":2896},[2005],[1880,2898,2900],{"className":2899,"style":2167},[2009],[1880,2901,2902,2905],{"style":2013},[1880,2903],{"className":2904,"style":2018},[2017],[1880,2906,2908],{"className":2907},[2022,2023,2024,2025],[1880,2909,2135],{"className":2910},[1922,1923,2025],[1880,2912,2033],{"className":2913},[2032],[1880,2915,2917],{"className":2916},[2005],[1880,2918,2920],{"className":2919,"style":2040},[2009],[1880,2921],{},[1880,2923],{"className":2924,"style":2335},[2050],[1880,2926,2568],{"className":2927},[2339],[1880,2929],{"className":2930,"style":2335},[2050],[1880,2932,2934,2937,2940,2944,2947,2951,2954,2957,2960,2963,2966,2969,2972],{"className":2933},[1913],[1880,2935],{"className":2936,"style":2735},[1917],[1880,2938,2571],{"className":2939,"style":2739},[1922,1923],[1880,2941,2943],{"className":2942},[1922,1923],"in",[1880,2945,2582],{"className":2946},[1922,1923],[1880,2948,2950],{"className":2949},[1922,1923],"mia",[1880,2952,2588],{"className":2953,"style":2757},[1922,1923],[1880,2955,2596],{"className":2956},[2767],[1880,2958,1972],{"className":2959},[1922,1923],[1880,2961,1960],{"className":2962},[2046],[1880,2964],{"className":2965,"style":2051},[2050],[1880,2967,1796],{"className":2968},[1922,1923],[1880,2970,2601],{"className":2971},[2774],[1880,2973,2667],{"className":2974},[1922],[1796,2976,2977,2978,3006,3007,3077,3078,3131,3132,3160],{},"概率论可以在 ",[1880,2979,2981,2994],{"className":2980},[1883],[1880,2982,2984],{"className":2983},[1887],[1889,2985,2986],{"xmlns":1891},[1893,2987,2988,2992],{},[1896,2989,2990],{},[1899,2991,1796],{},[1902,2993,1796],{"encoding":1904},[1880,2995,2997],{"className":2996,"ariaHidden":1909},[1908],[1880,2998,3000,3003],{"className":2999},[1913],[1880,3001],{"className":3002,"style":1918},[1917],[1880,3004,1796],{"className":3005},[1922,1923]," 已知时计算 ",[1880,3008,3010,3037],{"className":3009},[1883],[1880,3011,3013],{"className":3012},[1887],[1889,3014,3015],{"xmlns":1891},[1893,3016,3017,3034],{},[1896,3018,3019,3022,3024,3026,3029,3032],{},[1899,3020,3021],{},"P",[1958,3023,2596],{"stretchy":2595},[1899,3025,2609],{},[1958,3027,3028],{},"≥",[1954,3030,3031],{},"7",[1958,3033,2601],{"stretchy":2595},[1902,3035,3036],{"encoding":1904},"P(K\\ge 7)",[1880,3038,3040,3065],{"className":3039,"ariaHidden":1909},[1908],[1880,3041,3043,3046,3050,3053,3056,3059,3062],{"className":3042},[1913],[1880,3044],{"className":3045,"style":2735},[1917],[1880,3047,3021],{"className":3048,"style":3049},[1922,1923],"margin-right:0.1389em;",[1880,3051,2596],{"className":3052},[2767],[1880,3054,2609],{"className":3055,"style":2788},[1922,1923],[1880,3057],{"className":3058,"style":2335},[2050],[1880,3060,3028],{"className":3061},[2339],[1880,3063],{"className":3064,"style":2335},[2050],[1880,3066,3068,3071,3074],{"className":3067},[1913],[1880,3069],{"className":3070,"style":2735},[1917],[1880,3072,3031],{"className":3073},[1922],[1880,3075,2601],{"className":3076},[2774],"。统计学面对相反情况：已观察 ",[1880,3079,3081,3099],{"className":3080},[1883],[1880,3082,3084],{"className":3083},[1887],[1889,3085,3086],{"xmlns":1891},[1893,3087,3088,3096],{},[1896,3089,3090,3092,3094],{},[1899,3091,2609],{},[1958,3093,2252],{},[1954,3095,3031],{},[1902,3097,3098],{"encoding":1904},"K=7",[1880,3100,3102,3121],{"className":3101,"ariaHidden":1909},[1908],[1880,3103,3105,3109,3112,3115,3118],{"className":3104},[1913],[1880,3106],{"className":3107,"style":3108},[1917],"height:0.6833em;",[1880,3110,2609],{"className":3111,"style":2788},[1922,1923],[1880,3113],{"className":3114,"style":2335},[2050],[1880,3116,2252],{"className":3117},[2339],[1880,3119],{"className":3120,"style":2335},[2050],[1880,3122,3124,3128],{"className":3123},[1913],[1880,3125],{"className":3126,"style":3127},[1917],"height:0.6444em;",[1880,3129,3031],{"className":3130},[1922],"，要估计未知 ",[1880,3133,3135,3148],{"className":3134},[1883],[1880,3136,3138],{"className":3137},[1887],[1889,3139,3140],{"xmlns":1891},[1893,3141,3142,3146],{},[1896,3143,3144],{},[1899,3145,1796],{},[1902,3147,1796],{"encoding":1904},[1880,3149,3151],{"className":3150,"ariaHidden":1909},[1908],[1880,3152,3154,3157],{"className":3153},[1913],[1880,3155],{"className":3156,"style":1918},[1917],[1880,3158,1796],{"className":3159},[1922,1923],"，并量化结论因抽样而产生的不确定性。",[1811,3162,3164],{"id":3163},"_3-可运行案例同一流程会给出不同样本比例","3. 可运行案例：同一流程会给出不同样本比例",[1796,3166,3167],{},"假设真实不合格率为 8%。重复进行 5,000 次“抽 100 件”的实验，观察样本比例的分布。",[3169,3170],"pyodide",{"code64":3171,"layout":3172,"locale":7,"packages":3173,"title":3174},"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","vertical","numpy","Python：重复抽样与标准误",[1796,3176,3177],{},"三点必须分开：",[3179,3180,3181,3188,3191],"ul",{},[1821,3182,3183,3184,3187],{},"样本比例的标准差描述",[1799,3185,3186],{},"重复抽样变异","；",[1821,3189,3190],{},"它不包含抽样框遗漏、测量错误或产品之间相关；",[1821,3192,3193],{},"模拟接近理论结果是数值审计，不是二项模型正确性的证据。",[1811,3195,3197],{"id":3196},"_4-一套通用解题顺序","4. 一套通用解题顺序",[1818,3199,3200,3206,3212,3218,3224,3230,3236],{},[1821,3201,3202,3205],{},[1799,3203,3204],{},"对象："," 事件、随机变量、参数还是决策？",[1821,3207,3208,3211],{},[1799,3209,3210],{},"机制："," 数据如何产生，独立同分布是否合理？",[1821,3213,3214,3217],{},[1799,3215,3216],{},"已知与未知："," 哪些量给定，哪些量要推断？",[1821,3219,3220,3223],{},[1799,3221,3222],{},"目标："," 概率、期望、估计、区间、检验还是预测？",[1821,3225,3226,3229],{},[1799,3227,3228],{},"方法："," 哪个定理或统计量与目标匹配？",[1821,3231,3232,3235],{},[1799,3233,3234],{},"条件："," 正态、独立、大样本、连续性或可交换性是否成立？",[1821,3237,3238,3241],{},[1799,3239,3240],{},"解释："," 数值在原问题中意味着什么，又不能说明什么？",[1811,3243,3245],{"id":3244},"_5-预备知识如何补","5. 预备知识如何补",[1841,3247,3248,3261],{},[1844,3249,3250],{},[1847,3251,3252,3255,3258],{},[1850,3253,3254],{},"知识",[1850,3256,3257],{},"本课程中的用途",[1850,3259,3260],{},"最低要求",[1860,3262,3263,3274,3285,3296],{},[1847,3264,3265,3268,3271],{},[1865,3266,3267],{},"集合与逻辑",[1865,3269,3270],{},"事件运算、补集、条件",[1865,3272,3273],{},"能读交并补与量词",[1847,3275,3276,3279,3282],{},[1865,3277,3278],{},"微积分",[1865,3280,3281],{},"密度、期望、变量变换、似然",[1865,3283,3284],{},"能求导、积分与极限",[1847,3286,3287,3290,3293],{},[1865,3288,3289],{},"线性代数",[1865,3291,3292],{},"协方差、多元正态、二次型",[1865,3294,3295],{},"向量矩阵运算",[1847,3297,3298,3301,3304],{},[1865,3299,3300],{},"编程",[1865,3302,3303],{},"Monte Carlo、优化、重抽样",[1865,3305,3306],{},"数组、函数、随机数",[1796,3308,3309],{},"遇到推导困难时，先用离散小例子确认对象，再回到连续形式；不要用软件输出替代定义。",[1811,3311,3313],{"id":3312},"_6-符号速查","6. 符号速查",[1841,3315,3316,3326],{},[1844,3317,3318],{},[1847,3319,3320,3323],{},[1850,3321,3322],{},"符号",[1850,3324,3325],{},"含义",[1860,3327,3328,3395,3509,3600,3686,3836],{},[1847,3329,3330,3392],{},[1865,3331,3332],{},[1880,3333,3335,3360],{"className":3334},[1883],[1880,3336,3338],{"className":3337},[1887],[1889,3339,3340],{"xmlns":1891},[1893,3341,3342,3357],{},[1896,3343,3344,3347,3349,3353,3355],{},[1899,3345,3346],{"mathvariant":2666},"Ω",[1958,3348,1960],{"separator":1909},[1899,3350,3352],{"mathvariant":3351},"script","F",[1958,3354,1960],{"separator":1909},[1899,3356,3021],{},[1902,3358,3359],{"encoding":1904},"\\Omega,\\mathcal F,P",[1880,3361,3363],{"className":3362,"ariaHidden":1909},[1908],[1880,3364,3366,3369,3372,3375,3378,3383,3386,3389],{"className":3365},[1913],[1880,3367],{"className":3368,"style":1985},[1917],[1880,3370,3346],{"className":3371},[1922],[1880,3373,1960],{"className":3374},[2046],[1880,3376],{"className":3377,"style":2051},[2050],[1880,3379,3352],{"className":3380,"style":3382},[1922,3381],"mathcal","margin-right:0.0993em;",[1880,3384,1960],{"className":3385},[2046],[1880,3387],{"className":3388,"style":2051},[2050],[1880,3390,3021],{"className":3391,"style":3049},[1922,1923],[1865,3393,3394],{},"样本空间、事件族、概率测度",[1847,3396,3397,3450],{},[1865,3398,3399],{},[1880,3400,3402,3420],{"className":3401},[1883],[1880,3403,3405],{"className":3404},[1887],[1889,3406,3407],{"xmlns":1891},[1893,3408,3409,3417],{},[1896,3410,3411,3413,3415],{},[1899,3412,1952],{},[1958,3414,2568],{},[1899,3416,3352],{},[1902,3418,3419],{"encoding":1904},"X\\sim 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章。",[1796,4094,4095,4096,4074],{},"下一章：",[2651,4097,4099],{"href":4098},"..\u002F01-probability\u002F01-prob-theory\u002F","概率论基础",{"title":10,"searchDepth":4101,"depth":4101,"links":4102},2,[4103,4104,4105,4106,4107,4108,4109,4110,4111,4112],{"id":1813,"depth":4101,"text":1813},{"id":1838,"depth":4101,"text":1839},{"id":2509,"depth":4101,"text":2510},{"id":3163,"depth":4101,"text":3164},{"id":3196,"depth":4101,"text":3197},{"id":3244,"depth":4101,"text":3245},{"id":3312,"depth":4101,"text":3313},{"id":4009,"depth":4101,"text":4010},{"id":4033,"depth":4101,"text":4033},{"id":4059,"depth":4101,"text":4059},"用一次质量抽检串起总体、样本、随机变量、统计量、参数和不确定性。","md",{"sidebar":4116},{"order":4117},1,true,{"title":1640,"description":4113},"zfd4675zPoRJKh4Kd2YvTjgpZYXQdosIogi1YD7qUfs",[4122,4124],{"title":1634,"path":1635,"stem":1636,"description":4123,"children":-1},"从概率模型、随机变量与极限定理进入区间估计、点估计、假设检验和 Bootstrap 的本科—研究生课程。",{"title":1651,"path":1652,"stem":1653,"description":4125,"children":-1},"从样本空间与概率公理进入条件概率、独立性、全概率和贝叶斯公式。",1785754756128]